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Lesson 9 of 10 · Early readers · Class 1–3 with support

Read short words: cat, pen, sit, hop, sun

Read short words by joining their sounds. This starter lesson uses simple three-letter words with a short vowel in the middle.

The simple idea

Start with this

Say the sounds, then blend them into a word: c-a-t becomes cat. Use letter sounds, not just the alphabet names.

See it in everyday English

Hindi and Gujarati lines explain the meaning; they are not word-for-word pronunciation guides.

  • cat → a small petबिल्लीબિલાડી
  • pen → a writing toolकलमપેન
  • sun → the star that lights our dayसूरजસૂર્ય

Change one sound

Read cat, mat and sat. The ending stays the same; the first sound changes. Next, try pin and pen. This time the middle sound changes. Read slowly before trying to read faster.

Connect sound to meaning

After reading a word, point to an object, draw a picture or use it in a short sentence: The cat sat. The sun is hot. Short-vowel sounds vary somewhat across accents; a familiar local English accent is fine.

A common mistake, gently fixed

Needs a change: Reading cat by saying only “see, ay, tee”.

Try this: Blend the short sounds c-a-t into cat.

Letter names identify letters; letter sounds help you read the word.

Say it aloud

The cat sat on a mat. A red hen is in a pen. The sun is hot.

Optional device voice. Availability and pronunciation depend on your browser; no microphone is used.

Your turn: Read cat, mat and sat. Change c in cat to h. Say the new word and draw it.

Try three questions

Choose one answer for each question, then check the explanations. You can change an answer and check again.

1. Which word rhymes with cat?
2. Blend s-u-n.
3. Change the first letter of pen to h.
See answers and explanations
  1. mat — Cat and mat share the ending sound.
  2. sun — The three sounds blend to sun.
  3. hen — Keep en and change p to h.

Take it to your notebook

Eight different questions, a short writing task and an answer key for this topic.

Read more about the rule

British Council Kids: speak and spell. The examples and exercises here are original; the reference provider does not endorse this website.

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